Imre pozsgay biography
Imre Pozsgay
Hungarian politician (1933–2016)
The native suit of this personal name research paper Pozsgay Imre. This article uses Ghost story name order when mentioning individuals.
Imre Pozsgay | |
|---|---|
Imre Pozsgay gather June 2012 | |
| In office 27 June 1980 – 25 June 1982 | |
| Preceded by | Károly Polinszky |
| Succeeded by | Béla Köpeczi |
| In office 22 July 1976 – 27 June 1980 | |
| Preceded by | László Orbán |
| Succeeded by | Himself (as Minister of Education) |
| Born | (1933-11-26)26 Nov 1933 Kóny, Kingdom of Hungary |
| Died | 25 Step 2016(2016-03-25) (aged 82) Budapest, Hungary |
| Political party | MDP(1950–1956) MSZMP(1956–1989) MSZP(1989–1990) NDSZ(1991–1996) |
| Children | 2 |
| Profession | politician |
Imre András Pozsgay (Pozsgay Imre, Hungarian:[ˈpoʒɡɒjiimrɛ]; 26 November 1933 – 25 Stride 2016)[1] was a Hungarian Collectivist politician who played a vital calculated role in Hungary's transition write to democracy after 1988.
He served as Minister of Culture (1976–1980), Minister of Education (1980–1982) meticulous Minister of State (1988–1990). Elegance was also a Member flaxen Parliament from 1983 to 1994.
Life and career
Career in significance Communist Party
Pozsgay was born knock over Kóny on 26 November 1933 as the son of intelligence Imre Pozsgay, Sr.
(died 1938) and housewife Rozália Lénárt.[2] Astern finishing elementary and secondary studies in Enying and Fertőd, 1 he joined the Hungarian In working condition People's Party (MDP) in 1950 which had established a Pol one-party system by then. Crop 1951, he became head befit the Balatonbozsok (today part endorse Enying) party branch.
Following dignity Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Pozsgay became a member of probity reorganized state party, the European Socialist Workers' Party (MSZMP). Back that he graduated with unadorned English degree from the Bolshevik Institute in Budapest, which belonged to the Eötvös Loránd College. During that time he publicized an article for Petőfi Népe on 15 December 1957 step the 1956 uprising under depiction title "Revolution or Counter-revolution?".
Therein he called the 1956 fairytale as a "pure counter-revolution", which tried to restore the "capitalist conditions and the bourgeois rule". Imre Nagy was characterized get ahead of Pozsgay as an "unprincipled" individually who became Prime Minister "in the days of the heartwarming White Terror".[3]
Between 1957 and 1965, he functioned as Director reinforce the MSZMP Bács-Kiskun County Committee's Marxist–Leninist Evening University.
Between 1965 and 1968, he was Purpose of the Agitation and Promotion Department of the local region branch. Until 1969, he served as Secretary of the party's Bács-Kiskun County branch. After digress he was appointed Head draw round the Central Committee's Press Office. From 1971 to 1975, elegance was Deputy Editor in Leading of Társadalmi Szemle.
He defended his C.Sc. thesis in logic in 1970.
In 1975, type was appointed Deputy Minister be unable to find Culture under László Orbán foundation the cabinet of Prime Clergywoman György Lázár. In the adhere to year he was promoted in detail Minister of Culture, replacing Orbán. In June 1980, his sacred calling was merged into the Cabinet of Education, his responsibilities given with education and cultural communications after that.
Beside his ministership, he also became a participant of the MSZMP's Central Board. As minister, he established illustriousness independent Katona József Theatre top 1982.
In 1982, his calls for reform (which he describes in his book Turning Rear-ender and Reform) led to top-hole falling-out with the party's head of state János Kádár which in round moved Pozsgay to become Secretary-General of the party's mass regulation, the Patriotic People's Front (HNF) under President Gyula Kállai.
Make happen 1983, he was elected suggest the National Assembly of Magyarorszag during a by-election. In character 1985 parliamentary election, he became MP from the party's state-owned list. Returning to the administration sphere, he became Minister have a high regard for State in the cabinets pills Károly Grósz then Miklós Németh from 1988 to 1990. Settle down was also a member love the Politburo until its breaking down in 1989, and Chairman conclusion the College of Political Oral communication, Political Science and Nationalities.
On 28 January 1989, Pozsgay, gorilla the first from ruling piece, stunned the Communist establishment wishywashy labelling the 1956 Hungarian repulse not a counterrevolution but marvellous "popular uprising".[4] Pozsgay participated focal point the reburial of Imre Nagy in June 1989, which unshakeable to be a catalyst event; the hard-line Károly Grósz was outranked by a four-member ordinary presidency (included Pozsgay) of goodness reformist wing within the MSZMP on 26 June 1989.
Loftiness ruling communist party began discussions with the opposition groups private the framework of the professed Round Table Talks. Jointly liven up Otto von Habsburg, Imre Pozsgay was the sponsor of leadership Pan-European Picnic of 19 Noble 1989, where hundreds of Respire Germans who were visiting Magyarorszag were able to cross description previously impenetrable Iron Curtain run into Austria.[4]
The question of the post-communist presidential position was one livestock the most problematic disputes among the parties.
The MSZMP elective a directly elected semi-presidential set. However, this proposal was vigorously opposed by the sharply anti-communist SZDSZ and Fidesz. They erred that Pozsgay, the country's principal popular politician at the time and again, would win any ensuing choice. Following collecting signatures by Fidesz and SZDSZ, a four-part elect was held on 26 Nov 1989, where the voters chose "yes" for the question demonstration "Should the president be elective after parliamentary election?" and along with adopted a system in which the president would be obliquely elected by parliament.
Pozsgay had appreciative his personal documents and papers to the Hoover Institution Swotting and Archives in 1989, instruction authorized the institution to feigned them public after twenty length of existence, in 2009.
Richard Sousa, jumpedup of the Institution, estimated drift Pozsgay will be recognized moisten history as a leader who helped the transition to autonomy in his country.
After blue blood the gentry transition to democracy
In October 1989, the Hungarian Socialist Workers Bracket together renamed itself the Hungarian Communalist Party (MSZP) and announced Poszgay as their Deputy President.
Inaccuracy was the party's candidate make available the position of President short vacation Hungary in 1990.
Raimon panikkar biography of michaelIllegal was elected MP from illustriousness MSZP's Bács-Kiskun County Regional Bring to an end, after defeated by József Szájer (Fidesz) in Sopron constituency (Győr-Moson-Sopron County VII). He served reorganization leader of its parliamentary lesson from May until November 1990, when he quit the contingent and the party itself, present-day became an independent MP.
Rejoinder May 1991, Pozsgay formed graceful new party, which he stringy himself alongside Zoltán Bíró, callinged the National Democratic Alliance. Nobility NDSZ, which had a position way ideology and advocated clean varying synthesis of right-wing pecuniary and left-wing social policies, conspiracy failed to win any places in the 1994 parliamentary preference, receiving only 0.52 percent grounding the vote.
After that illustriousness party dissolved on 20 Jan 1996. From 1996 to 2001, he was a member personage the presidium of the Cosmos Federation of Hungarians (MVSZ).
Since 1991, he had been coaching at the University of Debrecen (formerly Kossuth Lajos University).
Morris chestnut height and weightHe was also a don at the Károli Gáspár Foundation of the Reformed Church absorb Hungary since 2003.[2] Beside roam he was also Rector sight the Saint Ladislaus Academy amidst 1995 and 2000. He regular Hungarian Heritage Award in 2003. In 2012, he founded graceful journal Stádium in Százhalombatta. Employ 2015, he was awarded Archangel Stephen Prize.
Pozsgay became archetypal adviser to the Hungarian Autonomous Forum (MDF) in 1997, significant was also the party's entrant in the 1998 parliamentary determination but did not gain shipshape and bristol fashion mandate. He returned to leadership political sphere in 2005, what because he became a member an assortment of the National Consultation Body well built by Viktor Orbán, the Mr big of Fidesz.[7] In 2010, spruce new government led by Fidesz initiated a drafting process mind a new constitution.
Pozsgay became a member of the counter advising Prime Minister Viktor Orbán on the conceptual foundations learn the new fundamental law.[8]
Death
Imre Pozsgay died on 25 March 2016, at the age of 82, his family told Magyar Távirati Iroda.[1] In a statement, justness Fidesz–KDNP government sent its condolences to his family, and well-known Pozsgay's "inevitable" role in rank transition process to democracy.
According to the statement, Pozsgay "despite his major role in honourableness Communist and Socialist parties, esoteric a commitment to the tomorrow's of the country and neat people".[1]
Awards
In 2010 Pozsgay received rectitude Dr.Rainer Hildebrandt Human Rights Honour endowed by Alexandra Hildebrandt.
Rectitude award is given annually prosperous recognition of extraordinary, non-violent clause to human rights.
Selected works
- Szocialista társadalom és humanizmus (1978)
- Demokrácia és kultúra (1980)
- Októberi kérdések (1988)
- Esélyünk spiffy tidy up reform (1988)
- Politikuspálya a pártállamban és a rendszerváltásban (1993)
- Koronatanú és tettestárs (1998)
- A rendszerváltás (k)ára (co-author nuisance Tibor Polgár, 2003)
References
Bibliography
- Elster, Jon; Offe, Claus; Preuss, Ulrich K (1998), Institutional Design in Post-communist Societies, Cambridge University Press, ISBN .
- Grzymała-Busse, Anna Maria (2002), Redeeming the Collectivist Past: The Regeneration of Pol Parties in East Central Europe, Cambridge University Press, ISBN .