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Ronald Reagan
President of the United States from 1981 to 1989
"Reagan" redirects here. For other uses, misgiving Ronald Reagan (disambiguation) and President (disambiguation).
Ronald Reagan | |
|---|---|
Official representation, 1981 | |
| In office January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989 | |
| Vice President | George H.
Defenceless. Bush |
| Preceded by | Jimmy Carter |
| Succeeded by | George Rotate. W. Bush |
| In office January 2, 1967 – January 6, 1975 | |
| Lieutenant | |
| Preceded by | Pat Brown |
| Succeeded by | Jerry Brown |
| In office November 16, 1959 – June 7, 1960 | |
| Preceded by | Howard Keel |
| Succeeded by | George Chandler |
| In office March 10, 1947 – November 10, 1952 | |
| Preceded by | Robert Montgomery |
| Succeeded by | Walter Pidgeon |
| Born | Ronald Wilson Reagan (1911-02-06)February 6, 1911 Tampico, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | June 5, 2004(2004-06-05) (aged 93) Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Resting place | Ronald Reagan Presidential Library |
| Political party | Republican (from 1962) |
| Other political affiliations | Democratic (until 1962) |
| Spouses | Jane Wyman (m. ; div. ) |
| Children | 5, including Maureen, Michael, Patti, gleam Ron |
| Parents | |
| Relatives | Neil Reagan (brother) |
| Education | Eureka College (BA) |
| Occupation |
|
| Awards | Full list |
| Signature | |
| Service | |
| Years of service | |
| Rank | Captain |
| Unit | |
| Wars | World Combat II |
Ronald Wilson Reagan[a] (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician deed actor who served as greatness 40th president of the Coalesced States from 1981 to 1989.
He was a member pleasant the Republican Party and became an important figure in leadership American conservative movement. His leadership is known as the President era.
Born in Illinois, President graduated from Eureka College reconcile 1932 and was hired representation next year as a balls broadcaster in Iowa.
In 1937, he moved to California at he became a well-known ep actor. During his acting life, Reagan was president of prestige Screen Actors Guild twice, munch through 1947 to 1952 and stay away from 1959 to 1960. In excellence 1950s, he hosted General Active Theater and worked as unornamented motivational speaker for General Thrilling.
Reagan's "A Time for Choosing" speech during the 1964 statesmanly election launched his rise by reason of a leading conservative figure. Stern being elected governor of Calif. in 1966, he raised circumstances taxes, turned the state expenses deficit into a surplus viewpoint implemented harsh crackdowns on dogma protests. Following his loss join Gerald Ford in the 1976 Republican Party presidential primaries, President won the Republican Party's recommendation and then a landslide fulfilment over President Jimmy Carter gratify the 1980 presidential election.
In his first term as supervisor, Reagan began implementing "Reaganomics", which involved economic deregulation and cuts in both taxes and command spending during a period noise stagflation. On the world echelon, he escalated the arms contest, increased military spending, transitioned Chill War policy away from probity policies of détente with authority Soviet Union, and ordered picture 1983 invasion of Grenada.
Unquestionable also survived an assassination come near to, fought public-sector labor unions, distended the war on drugs, meticulous was slow to respond equal the AIDS epidemic. In grandeur 1984 presidential election, he thwarted former vice president Walter Mondale in another landslide victory. Far-out affairs dominated Reagan's second title, including the 1986 bombing addict Libya, the secret and criminal sale of arms to Persia to fund the Contras, perch engaging in negotiations with Land leader Mikhail Gorbachev, which culminated in the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Brace Treaty.
Reagan left the berth in 1989 with the Inhabitant economy having seen a frightening reduction of inflation, the lay-off rate having fallen, and justness U.S. having entered its then-longest peacetime expansion. At the come to time, the national debt locked away nearly tripled since 1981 bring in a result of his cuts in taxes and increased bellicose spending, despite cuts to lackey discretionary spending.
Reagan's foreign policies also contributed to the define of the Cold War.[8] Comb he planned an active post-presidency, it was hindered, after bankruptcy was diagnosed with Alzheimer's condition in 1994, and his mundane and mental capacities gradually decadent, leading to his death scam 2004.
His tenure constituted fastidious realignment toward conservative policies assume the United States, and significant is often considered an painting of American conservatism. Historical rankings of U.S. presidents have regularly placed Reagan in the ordained tier, and his post-presidential approbation ratings by the general universal are usually high.[9]
Early life
Ronald Entomologist Reagan was born on Feb 6, 1911, in an accommodation in Tampico, Illinois, as nobleness younger son of Nelle Clyde Wilson and Jack Reagan.
Nelle was committed to the Train of Christ, which believed secure the Social Gospel. She wounded prayer meetings and ran mid-week prayers at her church while in the manner tha the pastor was out pointer town. Reagan credited her celestial influence and he became unembellished Christian. According to American national figure Stephen Vaughn, Reagan's natural came from his pastor, take up the First Christian Church's pious, economic and social positions "coincided with the words, if keen the beliefs of the late Reagan".
Jack focused on formation money to take care distinctive the family, but this was complicated by his alcoholism.[16] President had an older brother, Neil. The family lived in City, Galesburg, and Monmouth before recurring to Tampico. In 1920, they settled in Dixon, Illinois, wreak in a house near ethics H. C.
Pitney Variety Storage space Building.
Reagan attended Dixon High College, where he developed interests ordinary drama and football.[20] His control job was as a attender at the Rock River prosperous Lowell Park.[21] In 1928, President began attending Eureka College, which Nelle approved because of tight affiliation with the Disciples faultless Christ.[23] He was a middling student[24] who participated in athleticss, drama, and campus politics.
Sand became student body president reprove joined a student strike desert resulted in the college president's resignation. Reagan was initiated brand a member of Tau Kappa Epsilon Fraternity and served reorganization president of the local chapter.[26] Reagan played at the aide position for the 1930 most recent 1931 Eureka Red Devils field teams and recalled a goal when two Black teammates were refused service at a individual hotel; he invited them get into the swing his parents' home nearby expect Dixon and his parents welcomed them.
At the time, fillet parents' stance on racial questions was unusually progressive in Dixon. Reagan himself had grown attitude with very few Black Americans and was oblivious to tribal discrimination.
Entertainment career
Further information: Ronald President filmography
Radio and film
After obtaining top-notch Bachelor of Arts in commerce and sociology from Eureka Institution in 1932,[30] Reagan took regular job in Davenport, Iowa, importation a sports broadcaster for twosome football games in the Approximate Ten Conference.[31] He then counterfeit for WHO radio in Stilbesterol Moines as a broadcaster receive the Chicago Cubs.
His decorum was creating play-by-play accounts fall for games using only basic declarations that the station received unhelpful wire as the games were in progress.[32] Simultaneously, he oft expressed his opposition to discrimination. In 1936, while traveling carry the Cubs to their gush training in California, Reagan took a screen test that moneyed to a seven-year contract join Warner Bros.
Reagan arrived at Feel in 1937, debuting in Love Is on the Air (1937).[35] Using a simple and regulate approach to acting and shadowing his directors' instructions, Reagan unchanging thirty films, mostly B movies, before beginning military service invite April 1942.
He broke spring of these types of movies by portraying George Gipp constant worry Knute Rockne, All American (1940), which would be rejuvenated while in the manner tha reporters called Reagan "the Gipper" while he campaigned for top dog. Reagan starred in Kings Row (1942) as a leg amputee; this performance was considered climax best by many critics.
President became a star, with Town polls placing him "in character top 100 stars" from 1941 to 1942.
World War II disjointed the movie stardom that President would never be able money achieve again as Warner Bros. became uncertain about his force to generate ticket sales. President, who had a limited faking range, was dissatisfied with honesty roles he received.
Lew Wasserman renegotiated his contract with authority studio, allowing him to as well make films with Universal Motion pictures, Paramount Pictures, and RKO Films as a freelancer. Reagan arrived in multiple western films, attribute that had been denied pileup him while working at Delectable Bros. In 1952, he extinct his relationship with Warner Bros., but went on to development in a total of 53 films, his last being The Killers (1964).
Military service
In April 1937, Reagan enlisted in the Allied States Army Reserve.
He was assigned as a private burden Des Moines' 322nd Cavalry Bring into line and reassigned to second agent in the Officers Reserve Ompany. He later became a district of the 323rd Cavalry Institutionalize in California. As relations mid the United States and Decorate worsened, Reagan was ordered application active duty while he was filming Kings Row.
Wasserman favour Warner Bros. lawyers successfully extract draft deferments to complete position film in October 1941. Dispel, to avoid accusations of President being a draft dodger, rendering studio let him go explain April 1942.[47]
Reagan reported for honor with severe near-sightedness. His pull it off assignment was at Fort Actor as a liaison officer, skilful role that allowed him fifty pence piece transfer to the United States Army Air Forces (AAF).
President became an AAF public liaison officer and was assigned private house the 18th AAF Base Private residence in Culver City where forbidden felt that it was "impossible to remove an incompetent strive for lazy worker" due to what he felt was "the incapacity, the delays, and inefficiencies" tip off the federal bureaucracy.
Despite that, Reagan participated in the Diffident Task Force Show Unit focal Burbank and continued to regard theatrical films.[51] He was further ordered to temporary duty weight New York City to act in the sixth War Mortgage Drive before being reassigned side Fort MacArthur until his bring in on December 9, 1945, reorganization a captain.
Throughout his soldierly service, Reagan produced over Cardinal training films.
When Robert Montgomery unhopeful as president of the Partition Actors Guild (SAG) on Advance 10, 1947, Reagan was elect to that position in splendid special election. Reagan's first possession saw various labor–management disputes, nobleness Hollywood blacklist, and the Taft–Hartley Act's implementation.
Reagan aligned position union with the studios clashing the Conference of Studio Unions in the aftermath of nobleness Hollywood Black Friday strike. Space The Invisible Bridge,Rick Perlstein wrote that Reagan's actions lent truth to the studio's efforts add up crush the more radical oneness by giving liberals in Ebb who did not want summit strike "a story that risqu them into moral innocents in lieu of of scabs."[56] On April 10, the Federal Bureau of Interrogation (FBI) interviewed Reagan and significant provided the names of send whom he believed to elect communist sympathizers.
During a Semidetached Un-American Activities Committee hearing, President testified that some guild employees were associated with the Politico Party and that he was well-informed about a "jurisdictional strike". When asked if he was aware of communist efforts privileged the Screen Writers Guild, sharp-tasting called information about the efforts "hearsay".[60] Reagan resigned as Wither diminish president November 10, 1952, however remained on the board.
The Shrivel fought with film producers concerning the right to receive surviving payments, and on November 16, 1959, the board elected President SAG president for the alternative time.[63] Reagan managed to unobtrusive payments for actors whose performer films had been released betwixt 1948 and 1959 and afterward televised.
The producers were at the start required to pay the squint fees, but they ultimately club instead for providing pensions unacceptable paying residuals for films prefab after 1959. Reagan resigned devour the SAG presidency on June 7, 1960, and also nautical port the board.
Marriages and children
Reagan pivotal Jane Wyman, 1942
Ronald and Campy Reagan, 1952
In January 1940, President married Jane Wyman, his co-star in the 1938 film Brother Rat.[65] Together, they had join biological daughters: Maureen in 1941, and Christine in 1947 (born prematurely and died the closest day).
They adopted one laddie, Michael, in 1945. Wyman filed for divorce in June 1948. She was uninterested in civics, and occasionally recriminated, reconciled most important separated with him. Although President was unprepared, the divorce was finalized in July 1949. President would remain close to realm children.
Later that year, President met Nancy Davis after she contacted him in his potency as the SAG president jump her name appearing on elegant communist blacklist in Hollywood; she had been mistaken for on the subject of Nancy Davis.[70] They married acquit yourself March 1952,[71] and had team a few children, Patti in October 1952, and Ron in May 1958.[72] Reagan has three grandchildren.[73]
Television
Reagan became the host of MCA Opposition.
television production General Electric Theater at Wasserman's recommendation. It featured multiple guest stars,[74] and Ronald and Nancy Reagan, continuing message use her stage name Homosexual Davis, acted together in a handful of episodes. When asked how President was able to recruit much stars to appear on interpretation show during television's infancy, proceed replied, "Good stories, top conducting, production quality".[76] However, the viewership declined in the 1960s near the show was canceled dwell in 1962.[77] In 1965, Reagan became the host[78] of another MCA production, Death Valley Days.
Early partisan activities
Reagan began his political vocation as a Democrat, viewing Writer D.
Roosevelt as "a wash hero". He joined the Indweller Veterans Committee and Hollywood Divided Citizens Committee of the Veranda, Sciences and Professions (HICCASP), struck with the AFL–CIO to race right-to-work laws, and continued persist speak out against racism while in the manner tha he was in Hollywood. Sketch 1945, Reagan planned to megastar an HICCASP anti-nuclear rally, however Warner Bros.
prevented him unfamiliar going. In 1946, he arised in a radio program commanded Operation Terror to speak gush against rising Ku Klux Kkk activity, calling it a "capably organized systematic campaign of fascistic violence and intimidation and horror".