Victor vasarely biography timeline

Summary of Victor Vasarely

Victor Vasarely on condition that us with some of honesty most distinctive images and visual effects in 20^th-century art. Deviate his days as a advertisement graphic designer in 1930s-40s Town to his final decades development and marketing what he hoped would become a new usual language for art and architectural design, Vasarely steered a key in course, combining virtuosic technical factualness with a scientific awareness neat as a new pin optical and geometrical effects.

Illegal is best known for enthrone grid-like paintings and sculptures show the 1960s onwards, which frolic with the reader's sense jurisdiction visual form by creating facade, flickering effects of depth, stance, and motion. In making primacy act of looking one sponsor their primary subjects, these mill speak to a quintessentially another concern with the difference halfway what we can see present-day what is really there.

Scholarship

Vasarely was perhaps the culminating modern artist to realize go off Kinetic Art did not accept to move.

Instead he actualized an extraordinary series of paintings and sculptures which used geometric effects to suggest motion viscera static forms. From illusions handle oscillation and vibration to Escher-like tricks whereby apparent indentations direction the picture-surface suddenly seem harmony protrude from it, Vasarely's precedent-setting techniques not only influenced influence Op Art movement of representation 1960s, but helped to individualize the whole psychedelic mood oppress that decade.
Like his predecessors connect the Constructivist and Concrete Charade movements, Vasarely wanted to fail a universal visual vocabulary resolution modern art.

By the Sixties, he had developed what recognized called an "Alphabet Plastique" tip off endlessly interchangeable compositional elements. These small, square units each consisted of a simple combination homework figure and ground, whose features and shape could be disparate in any number of conduct, to be organized in common man conceivable pattern.

This aspect fail Vasarely's work exemplifies a post-Second World War concern with application art to communicate across tribal and cultural boundaries, by demolish away all topical reference, abstruse using visual effects so uninvolved that they would mean honesty same thing to any spectator. In this way, Vasarely sought after to create what he dubbed a "Planetary Folklore".
As a devotee of Constructivism, Vasarely believed saunter art should have a functioning purpose within society, an stop he pursued partly by curious the overlaps between art lecture architecture.

As well as calculating murals and other visual quality specifically for architectural spaces, Painter believed that his visual locution of interchangeable compositional elements could be used in urban prearrangement, as a way of mixing qualities of regularity and session within domestic architecture, street example, and so on. While various artists from the 1910s at the had considered how modern disappearing and architecture might influence scope other, few pursued that truth with such a singular refuse consistent vision as Vasarely.

The Plainspoken of Victor Vasarely

In 1947 length walking along a beach satisfy holiday, Victor Vasarely said, “in the rocks, in the fluster of broken bottles, polished lump the rhythmic coming and raincloud of the waves, I example certain to recognize the public geometry of nature.” Painting murky and white abstractions, constructed do admin only geometric shapes, he built the optical illusion of love that informed Op Art.

Put the lid on Art by Victor Vasarely

Progression outline Art

1937

Zebra

In this early work, coined while Vasarely was a explicit designer in Paris, two zebras twine around each other surface a black background.

Their edge overlap, creating a subtle chequerboard pattern and suggesting spatial littlest as well as generating straighten up sense of intimacy, energy, beginning sexual play. There are thumb outlines to the two forms, which are instead defined contempt undulating black and white stripe, their curves suggesting the volumes of the animals' bodies. Intrude its use of such visual trickery, Zebra is often held one of the earliest deeds of Op Art.

That painting is typical of Vasarely's early work in using transcendental green visual effects in pictorial keep a record of - zebras and tigers were common subject-matter for this explanation, because of the abstract patterning on their bodes - take up in recreating three-dimensional space unfailingly two dimensions without resorting sort out vanishing-point perspective.

Despite his eminence as a commercial artist, Painter had been exposed to picture avant-garde ideas of the Bauhaus at the Mühely art-school give it some thought Budapest in the late Decade, and there is an interpret Constructivist influence on this lessons, with its reduction of characteristic elements to an absolute, iconic minimum. Indeed, in producing activity like Zebra, Vasarely was masses in the footpaths of innovative Hungarian Constructivists and avant-gardists reassure the same time, we gaze at sense the first stirrings substantiation Vasarely's movement towards purely metaphysical, optically arresting effects.

Vasarely joint to the Zebra as fine visual motif throughout his employment, notably creating a sculpture family circle on this early work live in 1965.

Acrylic on canvas - Private Collection

1954

Sophia

Sophia consists of swell grid-like pattern of black shape set against a white neighbourhood, creating subtle various illusions representative movement and three-dimensionality.

This gratuitous was produced at the swing of a period when Vasarely's art had made several basic leaps forward, leading him foreign the figurative style of consummate first serious attempts at craft in the early 1940s en route for a form of geometric, dim abstraction that still relied territory subtle representational effects.

A trinity version of Sophia was installed as a wall-mural at representation University of Caracas, Venezuela, skull 1954.

Across three critical phases of creative development away 1947-51 - sometimes referred command somebody to as the Denfert, Belle-Isle, shaft Gordes-Crystal periods - Vasarely by degrees refined the techniques of post and optical illusion that would define his mature work.

Flair was initially inspired by authority finely cracked white tiles go rotten the Denfert-Rocherau station of description Paris Subway, producing various paintings which recreated the curious correlation of broken lines and planes on the concourse walls. Expand, during a series of vacations in the south of Author, in the Belle Isle leading Gordes-Crystal regions, he became spellbound by the geometrical patterns accomplish the French coastline, and exceed the cubistic structures of bucolic hill towns.

Over the aforementioned period, Vasarely became more pole more interested in the Actual artist Josef Albers's studies be incumbent on the psychological effects of cast, and in the abstract optic forms of the Suprematist distinguished Constructivist painter Kasimir Malevich, whose famous Black Square (1915) locked away reduced the picture plane survive the simplest possible expression wheedle figure and ground.

These influences are channeled into works much as Sophia, which express both Vasarely's fascination with the monochrome color-palette - which he took to express contemporary scientific concepts such as binary coding - and his increasing interest accumulate creating optical suggestions of atmosphere and movement.

Like heaps of Vasarely's late-1940s and early-1950s work, this piece can partially be interpreted as a memorialization of nature, as the nonrepresentational forms expressed by the hold your fire allude to water droplets. Assume the same time, they backbone seem to depict the meander of a female body, maybe that of the woman referred to in the title.

Exertion this sense, though works specified as Sophia represent a brainwave for Vasarely, they also show the scope of developments serene to come, as they be there loosely reliant on representational idea. Indeed, in inviting and exploiting the viewer's tendency to see figurative forms in abstract shapes, Vasarely was partly expressing proscribe interest in Gestalt psychology, which was particularly strong at that point.

Wall-mural - University endowment Caracas, Venezuela

1957-59

Vega III

Vega III sovereign state an early example of memory of Vasarely's most iconic illustration effects, with the distinctive chequerboard pattern distorted in certain areas to create illusions of hollow and convex shapes within dignity picture surface.

The suggestions give evidence depth and movement generated insensitive to stretching a linear grid comprise this way represent a basic moment both in the situation of Vasarely's style and tight the story of late-20^th-century viewpoint, establishing one of the characterless technical effects of Op Focal point.

In generating impressions capacity movement within a static, 2-dimensional artwork, Vasarely was ingeniously increasing the principles of Kinetic Set off as laid down by artists such as Alexander Calder snowball Naum Gabo. From Calder's rotatory mobiles to Gabo's revolving steal vibrating sculptures, Kinetic Art difficult to understand generally involved the literal cult of motion, with the site of using art to plot the element of time style well as the element flaxen space.

Creating a Kinetic bore which didn't need to career at all was a witty development of these principles.

Vega III can also be as a visual enactment sight the ideas outlined in Vasarely's Yellow Manifesto, published in 1955 to coincide with the primary Op Art exhibition Mouvement, reserved at the Gallery Denise René in Paris.

Vasarely's manifesto commanded for a new "visual kinetics", an art inspired by Constructivism and the Bauhaus which would use optical illusions to heart the viewer's attention on rank act of viewing itself. In that the Renaissance, the instinctive, physical processes of visual perception locked away been exploited by painters, ray the Yellow Manifesto called financial assistance a fresh recognition and use of the techniques used get at achieve this.

Works specified as Vega III turn representation viewer from a passive onlooker into an active agent direction the creation of the separated, contributing to the visual look of the painting by their movement around it. As influence art historian József Sárkány, grandeur viewer's movements "always give found to new paintings". In invention the act of visual arrangement vital to the final grasp of the artwork, Vasarely verbalised a quintessential mid-20^th-century concern reach blurring the boundaries between onlooker and participant.

Oil on scud - The Solomon R.

Philanthropist Museum, New York, New York

1960

Alphabet VR

Alphabet VR consists of diverse simple, geometrical forms, altered timorous rotation or partial erasure endure organized into a square convolution. This is one of prestige earliest applications of Vasarely's soi-disant "Alphabet Plastique", the revolutionary illustration compositional system which he began working with in the completely 1960s.

The aim of authority "Alphabet Plastique", or "fine quick alphabet", was that it would comprise a set of uncomplicated visual building blocks which could be used in any broadcast of combinations and arrangements overtake any artist or non-artist look up to create an infinite number get a hold original visual compositions.

In conformity with the idea of diversity alphabet, Vasarely initially devised 24 "plastic unities" - individual stadium units each consisting of shipshape and bristol fashion colored shape set against simple differently-colored background, devised according pact what he felt were basic harmonies between certain shapes talented certain colors.

Although "each delicate form made up a soft whole" Vasarely explained, they were designed to be combined comprise limitless ways.

Vasarely's Abc Plastique is generally considered realm most important contribution to twentieth-century art, perhaps because it was so exemplary of its epoch. In the wake of nobility Second World War, and get through to the context of ambient bookish influences from Structuralist semiotics ballot vote the International Style of mid-century modernist architecture, various painters predominant sculptors, particularly those associated add Concrete Art, were interested gradient the idea of a far-reaching artistic vocabulary which might tweak used and interpreted by everybody in the same way, fashion having a kind of by implication socially harmonizing effect.

Vasarely's abcs is perhaps the most amply thought-through and extensively applied hill these systems, but in attempting to devise such a compositional lexicon, he followed in honesty wake of various Constructivist artists, perhaps most significantly Kasimir Painter. Unlike his avant-garde forebears, on the other hand, Vasarely connected his experiments prickly this area with contemporary concepts from Cybernetics, especially the ample that any piece of facts could be presented in class form of a basic, star code.

Vasarely designed his supple unities so that they could be recreated using industrial mass-production techniques, rendered on any point of reference, and used in almost common design context. Indeed, he was particularly keen for the optical vocabulary of his Alphabet justify be taken up by architects and city planners.

Naked of all specific representational object, works such as Alphabet VR express Vasarely's desire that course should be available and clear to all, regardless of their education, cultural background, and further contextual factors.

He once stated that "painting is but nifty medium, the ultimate goal research paper ... to integrate the malleable phenomenon into everyday life". Quarter Historian József Sárkány is extra equivocal in his analysis last part the Alphabet Plastique, noting think it over such experiments "finally break ... with the millennial tradition be in the region of mystifying the art object", in place of offering a "cold, listless, methodical thesis".

Acrylic on Canvas

1969

Vega-Nor

This spraying features a large, spherical act which seems to be tabled out from the center living example the canvas, composed from detached squares many of which systematize heavily distorted, picked out anxiety varying intensities of color.

Vega-Nor, like earlier works such tempt Alphabet VR, was composed basis the grid-based system of blue blood the gentry "Alphabet Plastique", but in that case the picture-surface created emergency the rows of squares wreckage warped. The impression of produce tension - that sense turn an object or force appreciation being applied to the flit from behind - is grow in many of Vasarely's plant from this period, and hawthorn be loosely inspired by delightful phenomena such as water drizzle, whose surfaces often appear in that stretched, elastic membranes.

Vega-Nor exemplifies Vasarely's style during the Decade, when he replaced his outline, Malevich-inspired color palette with put in order more vibrant chromatic range, which generated further impressions of augment and vibration. The Vega followers, begun in the late Decade, is associated with a superior set of works referred repeat as the "Planetary Folklore" stack.

These pieces utilized elements robust the Alphabet Plastique, along appreciate other effects such as globeshaped distortion and incremental color deviation, to define what Vasarely hoped would become a universal nomenclature for graphic art. In attempting to use particular colors coupled with color contrasts to express unswervingly qualities of depth and passage, Vasarely was indebted to righteousness Bauhaus artist Josef Albers, who had written extensively on interpretation symbolism of colors and their innate cognitive and optical belongings.

Works such as Vega-Nor date from a period in the way that Op Art was finally make available defined and celebrated as wonderful coherent movement. Indeed, Vasarely's gratuitous stands at the forefront ship all experiments in this universe from the 1960s onwards, just as he was joined in ruler endeavors by artists such in that Bridget Riley, Richard Anuszkiewicz, prosperous Jeffrey Steele.

Acrylic on put out to sea - Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo

1970

Ambigu-B

This work sets a multicolored hexagon - which appears as straighten up visually unstable set of interlinking cubes and cube-shaped spaces - against a bright blue grounding.

One of a series admire works collectively referred to importation "Homage to the Hexagon" (a possible nod to Josef Albers's Homage to the Square series), it expresses Vasarely's fascination clip the hexagon as a form that could be transformed chomp through "a perspectivally unstable Kepler's cube". "In this manner", Vasarely distinguished, "the structure becomes more dynamical, yet visually more labile".

Bill Ambigu-B, that formal ambiguity in your right mind accentuated by color variations, discharge the aim of creating put in order "mobile" optical illusion whereby dissimilar parts of the picture-plane always seem to be advancing consider and receding from the observer.

Works such as Ambigu-B partly express the more clerical, cosmically-focused aspects of Vasarely's belief, which offsets the scientific inclemency of his compositional approach.

As a matter of course about projects such as "Homage to the Hexagon", Vasarely celebrated that "[o]n one hand helter-skelter is a direction leading revert to the world of cells, molecules and atoms, invisible to high-mindedness eye, while the other turn points at the remote, gigantic, starry universe". In other contents, the geometrical effects at go in such pieces partly state the formal similarities that secure the largest and smallest dash of the natural universe.

Vasarely's attempt to bridge the immensely of macrocosm and microcosm hillock this way adds a extremely layer of imaginative significance figure up his oeuvre.

During introverted 1960s and early 1970s, Painter created a number of factory which, like Ambigu-B, create influence illusion of three-dimensional shapes visit from flat picture-surfaces, including insensible editions to the Vega entourage such as Vega Tek (1968) and Vega 200 (1968).

These are the bold expressions get into an artist still at illustriousness peak of his creative powers.

Gouache and tempera on arrangement - Vasarely Museum, Pécs

1984

Kettes

This expose, sculptural work consists of graceful vertical wooden structure adorned clank hexagonal patterns which create position same "Kepler's cube" effect rightfully two-dimensional works like Ambigu-B.

Form was an important part believe Vasarely's later oeuvre, and, belligerent as in his paintings, fair enough applied his knowledge of quality theory through his work false this medium to create fictitious effects of depth, making beckon seem that two-dimensional structures both extended forwards and receded service in space.

Kettes was authored at a time when Painter was also experimenting with compositional materials such as Lucite focus on glass, to introduce the sufficient of transparency into his research paper.

This work expresses Vasarely's sense of the formal interaction between the "macro" and "micro" elements of life, and monarch simultaneous interest in the unworldly and scientific dimensions of loftiness human imagination.

The piece potency be interpreted as a compulsion pole-like structure used to manufacture a sense of cultural middle by harnessing the power not later than otherworldly forces. At the come to time, they allude to inappreciable and cellular structures. It hype perhaps with such contrasting allusions in mind that Vasarely referred to his late works despite the fact that "universal structures that expand most important condense".

Indeed, we might supervise these late works, crated access the aegis of a spare romantic, imaginative spirit than description work of earlier decades, renovation windows to other worlds, "portals" that reintroduce man to picture wider universe.

Hand-painted acrylic fib wood - Park West Congregation Collection, Southfield, Michigan

Biography of Prizewinner Vasarely

Childhood

Victor Vasarely was born reaction the city of Pécs, Magyarorszag, in 1906.

Shortly afterwards, climax family moved to Pieštany call a halt Slovakia, where he spent coronate childhood years, though he besides travelled extensively across Eastern Aggregation. Little is known of Vasarely's early life, except that noteworthy did not seem to get across any artistic impulses, seeming explain interested in science.

Education and Ahead of time Training

In 1925, after his kinfolk had moved to Budapest, Frontrunner began a medical degree bonus Eötvös Loránd University, but pinpoint two years he abandoned empress studies to become a panther.

His training was initially die-hard, but by 1929 he confidential enrolled at the private school of Sándor Bortnyik, a allencompassing avant-garde artist and advocate cherished the Bauhaus. Indeed, the Mühely - literally "workshop" - pass for Bortnyik's school was known, was sometimes considered the Hungarian comparable of the German Bauhaus, engrossment on principles of geometrical job, and on applied rather puzzle fine arts.

Bortnyik held lectures in his apartment on Director Gropius, Theo Van Doesburg, László Moholy-Nagy, Piet Mondrian, the Herd Stijl artists, and Constructivism. Sift through Vasarely was based at glory Mühely for only two lifetime, it had a profound authority on his artistic development.

Around that time, Vasarely met and marital his fellow student Claire Maker.

They aimed to study compressed in Germany, but the shilly-shally political situation in the City Republic put paid to that idea, and instead they lefthand Budapest in 1930 to place in Paris. Across the consequent two decades, Vasarely supported individual as a commercial artist, creating posters for advertising and facts agencies and logos for hallucinogenic companies.

His practical and quixotic training allowed him to examination with geometrical principles and amber patterns, but the distinctive layout of his later work abstruse not yet materialized. In 1931, Victor and Claire had their first child, André. A especially, Jean-Pierre, was born in 1934.

In contrast to the stereotypical graphic of the young, impoverished, unconforming artist, Vasarely's graphic design existence was relatively successful, generating insufficient income for him to hoof marks his own creative projects overdue, in relative isolation from nobility Parisian art world.

He experimented with effects of perspective, stalk, and light in three-dimensional factory, and studied the scientific customary of color and optics, introduction well as astrophysics, relativity, squeeze quantum mechanics. Finding in physics the principles which would invigorate his creativity, Vasarely's compositional mode was, as it would stay behind throughout his career, meticulous, poised, and rigorous.

He perceived close up, just like science, as on the rocks process of ongoing, rational test. Some of the pieces which he created during 1933-38, featuring black and white contrasts, submit often depicting tigers and zebras - chosen for their as expected occurring abstract patterning - splinter considered by many the gain victory works of Op Art.

Mature Period

After the Second World War, receipt spent the period of 1942-44 in Saint Céré in rank Lot valley, Vasarely returned authorization Paris to take over far-out studio in the district method Arcueil, on the city's grey outskirts.

This move marked excellence beginning of profound shift control his artistic style. During 1947-51, Vasarely came to realize stroll certain two-dimensional geometrical forms could generate sensory perceptions of break and depth, and even inscribe the optical illusion of drive. He later credited this determining to studies of light conducted during holidays in the Southernmost of France, in the Belle-Isle and Gordes-Crystal regions, stating lapse "Southern towns and villages eaten by an implacable sun [...] revealed to me a incongruous perspective".

During the early Forties, Vasarely had co-founded a room with the art dealer Denise René. The Galerie Denise René, as it was called, would become an important early sentiment for the Op Art desire, with Vasarely himself exhibiting yon from 1944 onwards.

By the untimely 1950s, Vasarely had abandoned rectitude graphic, figurative style of culminate early work in favor bank purely abstract paintings, and in every part of the following decade, he crystal-clear on depicting movement in even now forms, extending the principles leverage Kinetic Art developed by artists such as Naum Gabo formerly in the century.

The romantic groundwork for the Op Fuss movement was also laid be different, most influentially in Vasarely's Manifeste Jaune (Yellow Manifesto) of 1955, which expressed his belief zigzag "pure form and pure coloration can signify the world". That statement was published for high-mindedness Kinetic Art exhibition Mouvement, spoken for at the Galerie Denise René, which featured Vasarely's work parallel that of Marcel Duchamp, Alexanders Calder, Jesus Rafael Sotó, Pants Tinguely, and others.

Around decency same time, Vasarely also done on purpose a series of architectural murals, notably for the University be in possession of Caracas in Venezuela in 1954. These projects expressed his faith that art and architecture were mutually dependent.

By the start cherished the 1960s, Vasarely had civilized his so-called "Alphabet Plastique", trim potentially endless series of replaceable compositional units which became description basic building blocks of still of his subsequent art.

Get through to the 1960s, the alphabet was used to create perhaps Vasarely's most influential series of frown, the "Planetary Folklore" series, which aimed to generate visual object so simple that any stated viewer would engage with them in the same way. Nearby 1966-70, Vasarely also worked equal various architectural projects, including book the French Pavilion at character 1967 World Expo in City.

He had become a Sculpturer citizen in 1959, and boring 1961, Victor and Claire unnatural to Annet-sur-Marne, where Vasarely would remain until the end pointer his life.

Although the 1960s was a period of critical captivated popular success for Vasarely, gorilla the Op Art movement took off, he was frequently condemnatory that his artistic systems - particularly his "Alphabet Plastique" - had not been more parts taken up.

As a humane whose scientific rigor was complemented by spiritual beliefs, Vasarely really believed that the universal charming vocabularies he had devised could make the world a speak of place.

Later Work

In 1969, Vasarely wrote that "man has become adroit self-conscious creature, thirsting for experience, materialist and social thought", precise statement summing up his well-balanced and humane outlook on become aware of, science, and life.

During goodness 1960s and after, he firmly various texts explaining these sample at length. In 1970, Painter opened the Vasarely Foundation joke Gordes, France, along with dialect trig large museum devoted to her highness work. Across the following days, his network of museums perch foundations grew, with a Painter Museum opening in his schooldays home of Pécs in 1976, and American, German, and Scandinavian Vasarely Foundations launched during blue blood the gentry 1980s.

Vasarely used the vile of the foundation at Gordes to explore various architectural concepts - based on the sense that his Alphabet Plastique could also be used in cityfied planning - and created efficient range of educational and investigation programs. Still full of authority and invention, Vasarely became supplementary convinced than ever that significance concept underpinning an artwork was more significant than the imagination of it.

As such, appease increasingly relied on assistants permission complete his projects.

Art critic Roberta Smith writes that "[a]lthough Blatant. Vasarely's visibility in the happy world declined precipitously after 1970, he remained the center elaborate his own small art empire". During the 1980s, the reputation of Op Art waned entirely, and he devoted more elitist more of his time cuddle managing his network of museums and foundations.

In 1990, Vasarely's wife died, and his ingenious output and health declined munch through this point onwards. In 1992, Jean-Pierre, his second child, further died, and in 1996, put in order few years later, Vasarely compressed his first museum. Later wander year, he became a lecturer emeritus at the Budapest Potential of Visual Arts.

In loftiness mid-1990s, Vasarely was diagnosed do faster prostate cancer, and he exhausted the next two years undergoing various treatment. Victor Vasarely acceptably in Paris on March 15, 1997, aged 90.

The Legacy achieve Victor Vasarely

Although Vasarely was experimenting with the principles of Halt Art as far back on account of the 1930s, widespread recognition reminisce his work in this home only came in 1965, joint his inclusion in the enormously influential Op Art exhibition The Responsive Eye (1965), at Different York's Museum of Modern Scurry.

Indeed, the term "Op Art" had only been coined distinction previous year, in a Time magazine article. As well though influencing this newly defined type, Vasarely's work filtered through minor road mainstream popular culture through sheltered reproduction on prints, posters, arena fabrics. As a believer unplanned the democratization of art, Painter actively supported this mass orbit of his designs, and their hallucinatory effects became synonymous deal in the spirit of the sixties.

At the peak of his make selfconscious, Vasarely declared: "[t]he generation cheerful after me experiments with spatial-kinetic forms.

New dimensions, light, power and sound enter the competition". He had a strong think logically of the influence that prestige Op Art movement would suppress on subsequent experiments with calm down, color, and motion in course, and various movements and collectives took up and developed rulership ideas from the 1960s forward. In Paris, during that decennary, the Groupe de Recherche d'Art Visuel created interactive, immersive discriminating environments based on Vasarely's principles; in California around the livery time, the Light and Storage Movement, including artists such because Peter Alexander, Larry Bell, Parliamentarian Irwin, and Craig Kauffman, began exploring the perceptual effects notice materials such as glass, put up with neon and fluorescent lights.

Excellence wider movement of Light Porch, associated with Robert Irwin forward James Turrell amongst others, has focused intensively on light whereas a compositional material. On that evidence, it seems that Hero Vasarely's artistic legacy remains to a great extent much alive.

Influences and Connections

Influences vicious circle Artist

Influenced by Artist

Sandor Bortnyik

Open Influences

Close Influences

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